Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium PD1, Mouse(RMP1-14), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
PD-1 is expressed on a subset of CD4-CD8-thymocytes, and on activated T and B cells. PD-1 is thought to be involved in lymphocyte clonal selection and peripheral tolerance. The PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 (also known as B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC), are members of the B7 immunoglobulin superfamily. PD-1 is transiently expressed on CD4 and CD8 thymocytes as well as activated T and B-lymphocytes and myeloid cells. Additionally, Pdcd1mRNA is expressed in developing B-lymphocytes during the pro-B-cell stage. The RMP1-14 antibody has been reported to block the binding of PD-1 to its ligands (B7-H1 and B7-DC) and to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production co-stimulated by macrophages (but not by dendritic cells and B cells).Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for de
Biotium TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) (Thyroid Marker)(TPO/1922), 1mg/mL
Thyroperoxidase (TPO) is a 933-amino acid, type I transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a key role in thyroid gland function and autoimmunity. It is present as a dimer on the apical surface of thyroid follicular cells. TPO functions in the iodination of tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin and phenoxy-ester formation between pairs of iodinated tyrosines to generate the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Mutations in this gene are associated with several disorders of thyroid hormonogenesis, including congenital hypothyroidism, congenital goiter, and thyroid hormone organification defect IIA. Malignant thyroid tumors exhibit an anomaly in TPO resulting in lower affinity for anti-TPO. This antibody may aid in the differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid tumors.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluoresc
Cayman Chemical Alsma orIentals Alsol A 10mg
A terpenoid; inhibits HBV surface antigen secretion in HBV-infected 2.2.15 cells (IC50 = 39 µM); induces cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and autophagy in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells at 20 and 40 µM; reduces hepatic steatosis and increases in plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity at 100 mg/kg per day; decreases blood glucose and insulin levels in intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests, respectively, in the same model
Biotium DOG-1 / TMEM16A (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Marker)(DG1/2831R), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Expression of DOG-1 protein is elevated in the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST's), c-kit signaling-driven mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. DOG-1 is rarely expressed in other soft tissue tumors, which, due to appearance, may be difficult to diagnose. Immunoreactivity for DOG-1 has been reported in 97. 8 percent of scorable GIST's, including all c-kit negative GIST's. Overexpression of DOG-1 has been suggested to aid in the identification of GISTs, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha mutants that fail to express c-kit antigen. The overall sensitivity of DOG1 and c-kit in GIST's is nearly identical: 94. 4% vs. 94. 7%. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can
Biotium MART-1 / Melan-A / MLANA (Melanoma Marker) (MLANA/1761R), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein doublet of 20-22 kDa, identified as MART-1 (Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T cells 1) or Melan-A. MART-1 is a newly identified melanocyte differentiation antigen recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Seven other melanoma associated antigens recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells include MAGE-1, MAGE-3, tyrosinase, gp100, gp75, BAGE-1, and GAGE-1. Subcellular fractionation shows that MART-1 is present in melanosomes and endoplasmic reticulum. This MAb labels melanomas and other tumors showing melanocytic differentiation. It is also a useful positive-marker for angiomyolipomas. It does not stain tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial, or mesenchymal origin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low a
Biotium Thyroglobulin (Thyroidal Cell Marker) (r6E1), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Thyroglobulin is a 660 kDa dimeric pre-protein with mutiple glycosylation sites. It is produced by and processed within the thyroid gland to produce the hormone thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Prior to forming dimers, thyroglobulin monomers undergo conformational maturation in the endoplasmic reticulation. The vast majority of follicular carcinomas of the thyroid will give positive immunoreactivity for anti-thyroglobulin even though sometimes only focally. Poorly differentiated carcinomas of the thyroid are frequently anti-thyroglobulin negative. Adenocarcinomas of other-than-thyroid origin do not react with this antibody. This antibody is useful in identification of thyroid carcinoma of the papillary and follicular types. Presence of thyroglobulin in metastatic lesions establishes the thyroid origin of tumor. Anti-thyroglobulin, combined with anti-calcitonin, can identify medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. Furthermore, anti-thyroglobulin, combined with anti-TTF1, can be a
Biotium Beta-2 Microglobulin (Renal Failure & Tumor Marker) (B2M/1857R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Beta-2 microglobulin is a component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) where it functions in antigen processing and presentation. Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Human Beta-2 microglobulin is expressed on many types of cells including lymphocytes, thymocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. It is absent on erythrocytes. This MAb is specific to human Beta-2 microglobulin and does not react with non-human primate cells. This antibody reacts with all cell types excluding erythrocytes. The detection of Beta-2 microglobulin in body fluids has been used as a tumor marker and for monitoring patients with HIV infection.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting lo
Biotium Human IgG (Immunoglobulin Gamma Heavy Chain) (B-Cell Marker) (IG1707R), CF405S conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 75 kDa, identified as gamma heavy chain of human immunoglobulins. It does not cross-react with alpha (IgA), mu (IgM), epsilon (IgE), or delta (IgD), heavy chains, T-cells, monocytes, granulocytes, or erythrocytes. This antibody is useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The most common feature of these malignancies is the restricted expression of a single heavy chain class. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is clonal and therefore malignant.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Cytokeratin 20 (KRT20) (Colorectal Epithelial Marker)(KRT20/1993), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes an intermediate filament protein of 46 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 20 (KRT20). KRT is abundantly expressed in goblet cells and enterocytes of the gastrointestinal tract. It is a useful marker of pancreatic and colorectal cancer. KRT20 is expressed under normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic conditions. It has been detected in adenocarcinomas of the colon, stomachand biliary tract. Breast carcinomas are generally non-reactive. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) (N-Terminal)(rPTH/911), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Epitope of this MAb maps in the N-terminus of PTH, a hormone produced by the parathyroid gland that regulates the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in extracellular fluid. This hormone elevates blood Ca2 levels by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion. It is produced in the parathyroid gland as an 84 amino acid single chain polypeptide. It can also be secreted as N-terminal truncated fragments or C-terminal fragments after intracellular degradation, as in case of hypercalcemia. Defects in this gene are a cause of familial isolated hypoparathyroidism (FIH); also called autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism or autosomal dominant hypocalcemia. FIH is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone. Symptoms are seizures, tetany and cramps. FIH exist both as autosomal dominant and recessive forms of hypoparathyroidism. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluores
Biotium Chromogranin A / CHGA (Neuroendocrine Marker) (CHGA/1773R), 0.2mg/mL
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes
Biotium IL-10R1, Mouse (Interleukin-10 Receptor 1) (CD210)(1B1.3a), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This monoclonal antibody recognizes Mouse Interleukin-10 receptor 1 (IL-10R1), a cell surface glycoprotein of approximately 110 kDa. Its epitope is localized in the ligand-binding domain in the extracellular region of Mouse IL-10R1. This antibody blocks the binding of IL-10 to its receptor. IL-10R1 is a class II cytokine receptor expressed on thymocytes, T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes and macrophages. Binding of IL-10 to its receptor initiates JAK/STAT signaling that leads to B cell proliferation and inhibition of macrophage activation. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Insulin Receptor Alpha(INSR/1661), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The insulin receptor (INSR) is a heterodimeric protein complex that has an intracellular subunit, which is disulfide-linked to a transmembrane segment. The insulin ligand binds to the INSR and initiates molecular signaling pathways that promote glucose uptake in cells and glycogen synthesis. Insulin binding to INSR induces phosphorylation of intra-cellular tyrosine kinase domains and recruitment of multiple SH2 and SH3 domain-containing intracellular proteins that serve as signaling intermediates for pleiotropic effects of insulin. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition of the endocrine pancreas that results in destruction of insulin secreting cells and a progressive loss in insulin-sensitive glucose uptake by cells. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for dete
Biotium AMACR / p504S (Prostate Cancer Marker) (AMACR/1723), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 42 kDa, which is identified as Alpha-methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR), also known as p504S. It is an enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism. It is expressed in cells of premalignant high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostate adenocarcinoma. The majority of the carcinoma cells show a distinct granular cytoplasmic staining reaction. AMACR is present at low or undetectable levels in glandular epithelial cells of normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia. A spotty granular cytoplasmic staining is seen in a few cells of the benign glands. AMACR is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular